Online Casino Payments in the UK

E-wallets such as PayPal and Neteller have become popular options largely because of the speed of their transaction times. E-wallets typically use two-factor authentication and are kept encrypted behind a password. The most popular cryptocurrency now is Bitcoin. But others, such as Ethereum and Litecoin, are beginning to gain in popularity with a very niche UK casino audience. Some casinos are competing to be the best Bitcoin casino by either accepting this as a currency, or by adopting an entire payment structure that appeals to this very small section of the gaming market. Mobile payment solutions were launched last year as a joint product between Vodafone, O2 and EE, and they are already one of the easiest and fastest ways to transact.

The UK’s casino payment landscape includes a variety of different money transfer infrastructure payment rail networks, including Faster Payments, BACS and CHAPS. These real-time money transfer technologies are dependable methods for moving larger sums of money across the UK and internationally. Crucially, all popular payment methods have to be fully compliant with UK Gambling Commission (UKGC) regulations too.

The best casino players are increasingly requesting multi-factor authentication solutions to access their gaming accounts, and the most resilient encryption to protect their financial and personal data. Multimedia providers are always adopting agile, future-proofed alternatives as they scale, to remain competitive, and payment system developers and engineers are no different. Those that are will be building-in these existing and emerging security and compliance solutions to both protect their customers and to keep up with the competition. In addition to strong encryption and compliance, players from the UK are one of the world’s best societies of internet and especially smartphone users, and they will play in online casinos on different safe & secure payment platforms if this is not that slot games. It’s fast deposits and fast withdrawals that are going to continue to be the major drivers of these developing trends. As the online casino market keeps growing, so too will the need for exciting, future-proofed payment technology solutions — and as it keeps growing up, so too will the quality of player playing it as a form of light entertainment.

Understanding Different Payment Methods

Offering a wide array of payment methods is essential for online casinos in the UK, both for bringing in new players and for keeping around the old ones. Each comes with their own pros and cons with advantages ranging from ultra-quick transaction times to super-high security and some appealing to more players than others.

• Credit and Debit Cards: Casinos that accept UK players most commonly accept a range of credit and debit cards, as they’re simple to use virtually everywhere and allow instant deposits. They’ll let you start playing straight away with most casinos and while withdrawal times can vary, they can take anything from one to three business days. All card payments are highly secure these days, using advanced encryption and security measures to protect each transaction. Visa, MasterCard and Maestro are among the most popular. Yes, you can use your Tesco Clubcard credit card to make a deposit at some online casinos.
• E-Wallets: E-wallets are becoming an increasingly popular casino payment method in the UK too. Players can benefit from faster withdrawals – often within 24 hours – as well as extra security and the convenience of storing your gambling money in a separate account from the main bank account. Opening an e-wallet account is easy – simply fill out an online form and off you go. Once you’ve got your e-wallet account, you can make transactions at online casinos in the same way you would with a debit card. PayPal, Neteller and Skrill are among the best-known options available to UK online casino players.
• Bank Transfers: A lot of the best UK online casinos offer bank transfers, for those who want to use their bank accounts directly. Due to the fee it costs to process each BACS transaction, this method can take take 1 to 3 business days. Meanwhile, CHAPS is often used for large transactions – think a few thousand at least – and will execute the same day as long as you request it within the bank’s cut off times. Lastly, there’s Faster Payments. This system is a little less secure, but is the fastest method to transfer cash.
• Pay by Phone Bill Services: It’s also worth noting that you can use your mobile phone bill to fund your casino account. UK casino players at Boku casinos, will find that they can deposit £10 daily using their mobiles. Boku and other deposit with phone bill services add a small fee to your transaction each time you move money. The fee gets added to your phone bill at the end of the month, or taken from your top-up if you have a pay as you go phone. Usually you can only deposit large sums using Boku, and need to use an additional method for casino withdrawals UK.
• Prepaid Cards: Another of the best deposit methods is prepaid options. These allow you to move money onto your account without any of your bank or credit card details. This method is often used to control how much money a person enters a UK casino with. It also means that you play roulette online with PayPal, as Prepaid cards like Paysafecard are available in different denominations, and can be used without putting in any sort of bank details. The main downside is that, just like Boku, you’ll need to add another payment method to withdraw your UK online casino wage.

Choosing the Right Payment Method

When engaging with UK online casinos, selecting an optimal payment method is crucial for a seamless and secure gaming experience. Criteria such as fees, transaction speeds, security features, and bonus eligibility should inform decision-making. This section unpacks these considerations to grant players essential knowledge and facilitate informed selections.

Criteria for Selection

• Fees: The fees that payment methods levy on transactions differ. Some methods allow free deposits and withdrawals; others charge a percentage or a fixed fee. Understanding these costs is vital to preclude unsuspected charges.
• Transaction Speeds: The time that it takes to process deposits and withdrawals constitutes further significant criteria. E-wallets and certain other digital payment methods offer instant or near-instantaneous transfers; bank transfers, and some credit/debit cards can take multiple days to process.
• Security Features: The importance of unassailable security for financial transactions cannot be overstated. Consequently, preferring payment options that embed fortress-like security features such as encryption, two-factor authentication, and fraud detection to shield user’s financial and personal information from cyber criminals.
• Bonus Eligibility: The terms and conditions of some casinos restrict the eligibility of bonuses according to the payment method used. Frequently, e-wallet options, like Neteller and Skrill, are precluded from welcome bonus offers, for example. Reading the fine print and confirming eligibility criteria is key to capitalising from casino bonuses.

Payment Method Comparison

• Credit and Debit Cards (Visa, MasterCard, Maestro): Credit and debit cards, which are universally accepted, authorise direct transactions – but withdrawal times can be sluggish, and they are not always included in bonus offers.
• E-Wallets (PayPal, Skrill, Neteller): E-wallets implement rapid deposits and withdrawals, augment security, and occasionally bring anonymity. They might be devoid of bonus offers and impute fees in order to transfer funds to bank accounts.
• Bank Transfers (Faster Payments, BACS, CHAPS): Bank transfers are reliable for bulksome transactions and exceptionally secure – yet they are sluggish and can bear higher fees on occasion.
• Pay by Phone Bill options (Boku, Payforit): Paying by phone bill, players can deposit through their mobile phone bill, which is convenient and restricts spending; generally, they don’t cater to withdrawals.
• Prepaid Cards (Paysafecard): Prepaid cards are an attractive option for those that want anonymity and control over their spending. They’re straightforward and secure but don’t allow for withdrawals, necessitating alternative methods to cash out.

In choosing the right payment method, players must strike a balance between transaction speed, fee levels, security, and bonus eligibility – so it comes down to their specific needs, proclivities, and gambling habits. The cardinal rule is to stick to reputable and secure methods, to confirm the costs involved for just transferring funds and to read the terms and conditions in connection with their payment method, so that they can be happy in the knowledge that their financial transactions are conducted in an efficient and secure manner.

Setting up Casino Payment Accounts

In the fast-paced evolution of the UK online casinos realm, one of the cornerstones of smooth online gaming is ensuring secure and effective payment methods. This is a breakdown of the steps to setup and fund casino accounts using payment services:

• Choose your Payment Method – Pick your preferred method from the list of e-wallets, credit/debit cards, bank transfers, prepaid cards and pay by phone options. The setup process for each is a bit different. Here is a general overview:
  • E-Wallets (PayPal, Skrill, Neteller) – Firm the details, create an account on their site, with PayPal, Skrill and Neteller will need the standard personal information to verify your identity. As part of this process you will be asked to link your bank and the card to your new account, this will happen in the background (in most cases), it’s a check on you as well as your bank, and adds another layer of security. But, once done, the security and the fact they advance your limits makes it worth it.
  • Credit and Debit Cards (Visa, MasterCard, Maestro) – With cards, most of them will need to be set for international and/or online transactions. A quick call to your bank is usually required.
  • Bank Transfers (Faster Payments, BACS, CHAPS) – Transfers are most easy to setup. If you have not paid with your bank before you may need to add them as a payee. They essentially ask for the casino’s banking details – casino name, bank account number and sort code, reference etc.
  • Pay by Phone Bill (Boku, Payforit) – This is pretty easy also, choose your deposit by phone at the cashier, add in your number and confirm the amount via SMS.
  • Prepaid Cards (Paysafecard) – For Paysafecard you will need to pick one up from a nearby shop or online; then you get a PIN to enter at the cashier.
• Fund Your Account – The next step is funds. To do this go to the deposit section at your chosen casino, choose your payment method and add the amount you want to deposit. Funds from cards and e-wallets go to your casino account immediately, bank transfers and prepaid cards might take a little longer.

Security Tips for Managing Financial Information Online

And here are some tips on security when it comes to managing your financial information online:

• Use Strong Passwords: Use strong and varied passwords for both your payment service and casino accounts. A password manager will actually save you time in the long run as well as add further security.
• Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): Activate it for the highest level of security if your payment method has the ability for 2FA, use it.
• Monitor Your Accounts: Don’t forget to check your account and your casino accounts regularly for any changes. Specifically, for unauthorized activity or transactions.
• Use Secure Connections: You should use caution when handling your transactions, for instance, public Wi-Fi should be avoided. Use a VPN if you find out not to be necessary, to currently encrypt the connection you have.
• Be Aware of Phishing: No matter the appeal, never share your details of your accounts or financial info of any kind, whether in a response to an unsolicited email or any type of message.

Making Deposits

Step-by-Step Instructions for Depositing Funds

1. Log In: If you already have an account with an online casino, simply log in. If you do not, you will have to sign up. This should require you to provide some basic personal information.
2. Navigate to the Cashier Section: Once logged in, you should locate the Cashier, Wallet or Banking section. This is generally found in the account menu or at the top of the page.
3. Select the Deposit Option: Within the Cashier section, you should see an option to make a deposit. Clicking it should bring up an array of payment methods.
4. Choose Your Payment Method: Select your preferred payment method from the options provided. This could include credit/debit cards, e-wallets, bank transfers, prepaid cards or pay by phone bill options.
5. Enter Deposit Amount: Type in the amount you want to deposit. Be sure to stay within any limits – both minimum and maximum – that may apply to the specified payment method.
6. Provide Payment Details: Fill in the necessary payment details. If using credit/debit cards, this would involve your card number, expiry date and CVV code. If via e-wallet, you may need to log into your account through a secure gateway.
7. Confirm the Transaction: Check that all the information provided is accurate and confirm the transaction. Some payment methods may require an extra verification step – such as a one-time code sent to your phone or email.
8. Receive Confirmation: Once the transaction is approved, you should receive a confirmation from the casino. The deposited funds will then be available in your account balance.

Deposit Limits & Times

• Deposit Limits: Most casinos will set minimum and maximum deposit limits. These can vary according to your chosen payment method and the casino’s policy. Minimum deposits are generally £10 to £20 but depending on the payment method they can be higher. Maximum limits can vary greatly.
• Deposit Times: Most payment methods will complete the deposit process instantly, allowing you to play right away. Bank transfers may take longer, however, from a few hours up to several business days.

Associated Bonuses

• Welcome Bonuses: Many online casinos will offer a welcome bonus that matches a percentage of your initial deposit, potentially doubling your playing funds. Check the small print, as some payment methods may not be eligible for the bonus.
• Free Spins: Sometimes free spins on selected slots are available alongside or instead of a match bonus, as part of your welcome package or in specified deposit bonuses.
• Reload Bonuses: For existing players, reload bonuses offer extra funds on subsequent deposits, encouraging loyalty and continued play.

Withdrawing Winnings

Detailed Withdrawal Process for Different Methods

Once you hit it big at your favorite slot, the next step is withdrawing winnings to access your funds. This is all part of the online casino experience. See the details that determine when you can pull out your slot wins, limits, managing fees and exchange rates.

• Credit and Debit Cards (Visa, MasterCard, Maestro): With their wide acceptance and dependability, credit and debit card withdrawal are very popular. Transactions usually take 3-5 business days to process. You can simply navigate to the cashier section at your favorite online casino, select your card as the withdrawal method and input the amount.
• E-Wallets (PayPal, Skrill, Neteller): E-wallets provide greater security and speed. Withdrawals to these accounts are typically completed within 24 hours, making them one of the fastest options. Navigate to the cashier section and follow the prompts to select your e-wallet and the amount you wish to withdraw.
• Bank Transfers (Faster Payments, BACS, CHAPS): For larger winnings, bank transfers are a trusted withdrawal option and may take 2-10 business days, depending on the method and your bank’s processing times. Have all necessary bank details ready when requesting a transfer from an online casino.
• Prepaid Cards (Paysafecard): Most prepaid cards are unable to support withdrawal. In this case, casinos often offer members an option to sweep winnings through a bank transfer or cheque.
• Pay by Phone Bill: These methods are generally not eligible for withdrawal, much like prepaid cards. Simply choose another available option to receive your funds.

It’s important to be aware of potential fees and currency conversion charges associated with withdrawing your winnings. Some casinos and payment methods may charge withdrawal fees or have different rates for currency conversion. To minimize costs, keep these tips in mind:

• Check the Casino’s Policy: Prior to withdrawing, be aware of the withdrawal fees and currency conversion charges.
• Choose the Right Payment Method: Some methods might carry lower costs than others. E-wallets generally offer lower currency conversion rates than banks.
• Withdraw Larger Amounts Less Frequently: By consolidating your withdrawals, you can reduce the number of transactions and associated fees.

Withdrawal times can vary widely between payment methods. Most typically, e-wallets provide the fastest withdrawals, while bank transfers and credit/debit card withdrawals can take several business days. Be sure to consult the casino’s policy for exact time frames and any limitations that apply. These limitations can be daily, weekly or monthly and may vary depending on your chosen payment method or the casino’s policies.

To ensure a smooth withdrawal process, always verify your account and personal details with the casino before you initiate a withdrawal. This one-time verification process is designed to ensure that your winnings end up in the correct account, enhancing security while preventing fraud. Watching the withdrawal times, fees and limits for your chosen method of cashing out will help you manage your casino winnings more efficiently. By understanding the unique process for each withdrawal method and managing potential fees and currency conversion, UK casino players can enjoy their winnings with greater confidence and ease. Consider the security, speed and cost-effectiveness of each option to find the one that best suits your needs.

Security Measures in Casino Payments

Encryption

Encryption is the lifeblood of secure online casino transactions. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is the most widely used standard and basically encrypts data that is transferred from your device to a casino’s servers and back. This means that things like your sensitive financial details within the casino’s cashier and your personal details typed into the registration page are completely unreadable in transition except to the intended recipient. Look for casinos that use 128-bit or 256-bit SSL encryption when you are in the search phrase that leads you to the right casino to begin with.

Two-Factor Authentication

Two-factor authentication is an extra level of security in addition to your password and username. It requires something that you have on your person to log-in with any given account. This could be an item that only you have, which would be considered knowledge-based. An example of this would be an RSA token or smartphone app notification that contains a short code that’s used just one time. Scammers should never even know that you have this item and therefore should have no way of getting into your casino account. Another example would be something that you have to have on you, and that would be possession-based. An example of this would be to receive a text message with a code delivered to your phone. This wouldn’t allow someone to log-in to your online banking just because they know your password, even if they changed your password. With two-factor authentication, even if your password is leaked from a lost or stolen database of passwords (as sometimes happens with big sites like Yahoo or LinkedIn) that two-factor authentication is likely to still keep your information secure with your accounts.

Avoiding Scams and Untrustworthy Sites

The online gambling industry as a whole has also become notorious for having some scams, so it’s a good idea to investigate before you start playing. Doing your research to see what the online casino industry is really about is crucial to the enjoyment of gambling online. Specifically, you should look up reviews from professionals and users, and you should also look up the licensing information and make sure that they are being regulated by a high-quality regulatory body like the UK Gambling Commission.

In addition, be careful of things that seem to be too good to be true. For example, you should always avoid bonuses at online casinos that are beyond belief, such as one that offers an insane amount of free spins or free play worth hundreds of pounds without the need for a single deposit. This type of offer is a proven scam, and the casino would likely either have the worst reputation or no reputation at all. There’s actually no excuse for players to have not to look up the reputation of any casino they decide to play with, so for this type of pitch to be effective, there would have to be some sort of massive distribution that wouldn’t result in anything positive in the long-run.

Look for the Lock

When you’re signing up to any casino, in the URL of your browser you should look for a padlock icon right beside it. This means an encrypted connection is protecting your information as it’s sent online. And the URL of the site should also start with “https://” instead of just “http://” with an “s” standing for “secure.” If the simple visual cues show up, then you know that the website is going out of its way to keep your information safe, and that’s always a good sign.

Security Audits

Independent auditors perform security audits for many of the top online casinos right now. These audits check the effectiveness of a casino’s security measures including their encryption standards, data protection for personal information and how they handle payment security. The casino will normally have a seal or certificate that appears somewhere on their website, but it’s also smart to make sure that they’ve been audited recently, simply because the seal looks cool on a site, doesn’t mean that the site has had an audit recently.

Security when it comes to casino payments has a lot to do with both the player and the casino itself. You can cut your chances of a security breach down a ton by only playing with sites that have high-end encryption in place and two-factor authentication. You’d also be wise to check out a site’s reputation before you start playing. If the visual cues are present, like the “https://” URL and the padlock in the address bar, then you know that the website is going above and beyond to keep your information safe, and the security audits by independent third-party companies also show that they’re taking a serious stance in making sure their games are fair, that they’re handling player balances and banking information properly and that their games are hackerproof. By making these precautionary measures you can ensure that you have an enjoyable and safe gambling experience at United Kingdom players only online casinos.

UK Regulations and Compliance: Ensuring Safe Casino Payments

When it comes to online gambling, the United Kingdom might just be light years ahead of the game in comparison to some other countries. Rigorous standards assure player safety, fairness, and security when it comes to casino payments, and the UK Gambling Commission demands strict compliance by operators with these standards to protect players and safeguard the industry. This rigorous framework of regulation encompasses such a wide array of topics; everything from the licensing of online casinos to the specifics of their financial transactions, ensuring that they meet the highest standards of security and transparency.

Of course, the UK’s regulatory infrastructure is headed up by the UK Gambling Commission, which is responsible for ensuring that all gambling-related activities within the UK – whether offered on land or online – comply with its rigorous regulatory framework. They accomplish this through a two-headed strategy that oversees the enforcement of financial regulation by operators, and through the authorization and oversight of payment providers who process casino transactions of any type. In addition to this oversight, the UKGC works in tandem with other organizations such as the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) that monitor payment processors and e-wallet services for their compliance with financial regulations, and whose work ensures that safe and secure transactions may be processed by casino players at all times.

It’s certainly no small task to ensure that all members of the casino industry are compliant, that their casino payments are secure and efficient, and that, whatever the changes are in the financial and online gambling fields, the financial welfare of casino customers are in no way compromised. If preventing financial crimes, this also has the subsequent effect of ensuring that casino payments are conducted in an atmosphere of complete safety. For example, in the UK, casinos must fully segregate player balances and accounts from their operational accounts, meaning that each player’s balance must be available to them at all times, regardless of the casino’s financial circumstances.

It’s essential, then, for UKGC approval that a casino can demonstrate that its financial systems and procedures are both “safe and sound”. Authorization relies on considerably more than just the operation of encryption technologies that protect their transactions from interception; it involves of course a requirement for licenses to be maintained, but also that casinos maintain something called either a AML (Anti money-laundering) operating license or a activity license. Furthermore, they must have safeguards in place to ensure that underage or non-UK residents aren’t entitled to receive licensed facilities (or, in other words, to operate aged under 18, or not located in the UK). Casinos and their payment providers must not only provide effective player protection of the highest order, they must continually update and enhance their systems to meet the requirements not only of the UKGC, but the technology they are seeking to implement.

Online casinos in the UK are required to obtain what is called “normal” or “remote” operating licenses from the UK Gambling Commission, which implicitly require that their adherence to any number of sets of regulations and practices be verified on site by the Gaming Commission. These include putting secure payment systems in place, such as cryptocurrencies, along with systems created to prevent money laundering and to conduct Know Your Customer procedures. Many of these also include using encryption for communications and the exchange of payment-related data, as well as to store and protect payment data. In some cases, systems of fraud detection also need to be put in place, to safeguard the player payment environment.

Apart from online casinos themselves, the payment providers who casinos employ – including bank transfers and credit card companies – directly need to ensure that every one of the casino payments originating from their customers comply with all relevant laws and regulations. Thus, they, too, are meticulously vetted. Is all of this necessary even in those parts of the payment infrastructure that don’t touch the online casino, and does this mean that it’s hard for a casino that ISN’T after the real money of their customers? Well, yes and no. If you happen to be a UK player, there are always a number of facilities available for casino players looking to comply with UK regulations.

If you happen to play at a casino not licensed by the UKGC, these remedies are a necessity, whether their transactions might be legal or not, or don’t meet, or don’t meet these regulations. Of course, you could always just change channels; Move on. If you disagree with this, you can always file a complaint with the casino’s regulator, where that information will be investigated. If you happen to be concerned that a transaction was handled unfairly or your service was perhaps defrauded, you can contact the FCA to figure out more about it. You can get a refund, or you can have the matter dealt with accordingly.

Resolving Payment Issues in UK Online Casinos

Common Issues

• When it comes to any kind of payment, there can be transaction delays for several reasons, such as the bank processing times if there involved, or the casino’s process time for verifications. With digital wallets and cryptocurrency’s like Dogecoin, Tron or Ripple all offering the fastest options, with many of the traditional bank transfers and card payments taking up to 7 days.
• Another potential issue is the fact that not all of the casinos will allow bonuses to be triggered with every single payment method, with some of the many of the older electronic wallets like Skrill and Neteller often have terms that makes as excluded. So make sure to check through the terms and conditions of the bonus you want to use to make sure that your payment method is compatible.
• On the other hand, you could also be having a minimum deposit requirement issue, as many of the UK casinos will have a minimum of £10-£20 as standard, however many casinos allow lower deposits of £5, and even £1 with some to try and attract you to their game.
• Possibly the most important issue is that of security, and if the payment method you are using isn’t looking after you’re financial data correctly, then it really doesn’t matter how good the casino has been so far. You’ve also go to be looking at the casino, and how good their KYC (Know Your Customer) checks are to protect you from identity theft.

Troubleshooting

• Double-check details: Ensure that all the details that you have manually entered for the payment method are all 100% correct, as any errors could cause the transaction to be delayed or fail.
• Casino’s policies: Getting to know the exact payment processing times, and policies of the casino you want to play could always pay off just in case you need to check something unexpected has happened.
• Middleman services: For those bank transfers, there are services such as Trustly that are a completely secure ‘bridge’ between your account at a casino, and your bank which will allow instant deposits.
• Get customer service: Get in touch with the support team, to discuss your issues and help them solve the problem. Will they help you with those issues? They should certainly do so with multiple contact methods including live chat email and phone support which should help with those payment issues.
• Documentation and keeping track: Make sure that when you are getting the casino support, you are tracking every last word of the conversion, and getting evidence of every transaction as these documents will always be gold dust if you have to escalate things higher.

When You Need to Contact Customer Support

• Transaction Delays: If you’ve made either the deposit, or withdrawal to the timescale stated in the casino’s terms.
• Failed Transactions: If at any situation on the way you run into any errors during the process that you cannot find a remedy to yourself
• Security concerns: If there might be some unauthorized person that is trying to access your account, or perhaps an odd transaction in your history

Considering all this, it’s safest to assume that when you are moving cash around at any of the UK online casinos that a few of the numerous payment methods that are today used there are likely to cause an issue. With knowing the common problems and the troubleshooting steps however, you should at least be a bit better equipped to make sure that they are sorted a bit easier when they do happen!

Final Thoughts

With traditional credit and debit card options to the exciting possibilities that e-wallets, bank transfers, mobile billing and prepaid cards bring, the UK’s online casino industry certainly knows how to ensure every player finds a payment method that meets their needs on security, convenience and speed.

To fully enjoy your online gambling experience, it’s crucial to understand both the advantages and limitations of each payment method. They can certainly take on a significant role in how fast your transaction is completed, whether fees are added and the security measures that you’ll have to verify where you were and by whom you played and if you used a good luck symbol. Paying attention to these details the next time you decide to use your MasterCard credit card will be essential, but so will be grasping how casinos approach bonus eligibility, as their terms can vary significantly.

Importance of security cannot be stressed enough, with encryption, two-factor authentication and strict regulations central to the vision of any reputable casino operation. Casinos advise you to learn the latest in security measures each year and to be update with regulatory standards as well, as doing so will be your best defense against scams and guarantee fair play. The UK Gambling Commission is the one watching for these and thus ensuring that casinos meet all the security, fairness and responsibility standards.

So do keep this in mind when you navigate the payment landscape of top casinos in the UK. Choose the right payment method, secure it as best you can and be observant every time you play. In doing so, your practice will in no-time stand out for having a quality that seeks enthusiasm, tension and the fulfillment of enjoyment at all sides and the basis of the transactions required to exploit it.